Resumo Introdução: A doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (DPOC) é a terceira causa de mortalidade a nível global. O tratamento foca-se na melhoria da qualidade de vida, atraso da progressão da doença e redução das exacerbações. Neste contexto, o benefício da reabilitação respiratória tem vindo a ser verificado. Esta medida não farmacológica pode ser implementada na comunidade, no contexto dos cuidados de saúde primários. Objetivos: Esta revisão sistemática propôs-se a fazer um levantamento da evidência atual sobre o impacto da reabilitação pulmonar na qualidade de vida dos doentes com DPOC, num contexto de cuidados de saúde primários. Métodos: Foram pesquisados estudos randomizados controlados em três bases de dados. Foi incluída a reabilitação pulmonar realizada na comunidade e excluídas intervenções em contexto hospitalar. Foi considerado como resultado primário a qualidade de vida relacionada com a saúde comparando com a terapêutica padrão da DPOC. A extração e triagem de dados foi efetuada por três autores, de forma independente. Avaliou-se o viés pela Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Resultados: Quatro estudos corresponderam aos critérios de pesquisa. Três estudos reportaram benefício em pelo menos um dos resultados. A frequência e duração da reabilitação pareceram ter algum impacto nos resultados. A mortalidade foi mais alta nos grupos de controlo. Os estudos incluídos tinham limitações importantes, nomeadamente a incapacidade de realizar intervenções cegas. Conclusões: A reabilitação pulmonar em cuidados de saúde primários melhora a qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional na DPOC. A duração, frequência e modalidade ótimas da intervenção não estão definidas e poderão depender de características individuais. Embora o paradigma não se altere, espera-se que esta revisão fomente o interesse na intervenção.

Abstract Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and its management involves improving quality of life, delaying progression, and minimizing exacerbations. The benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD has been documented in the literature. This intervention can be applied to a primary healthcare setting, using community resources. Objectives: This systematic review sought to compile current evidence implying the impact of pulmonary rehabilitation in a primary healthcare setting on the quality of life of patients with COPD. Methods: Three databases were searched for randomized controlled trials. We included community-based pulmonary rehabilitation and excluded interventions in a hospital setting. The primary outcome was health-related quality of life; secondary outcomes were functional exercise capacity and mortality. Data extraction and triage were performed independently by three authors, and bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Results: Four studies met the search criteria. Three studies reported benefits in at least one of the outcomes; a fourth reported no differences between groups. Rehabilitation frequency and duration seemed to have some impact on all outcomes. Mortality was higher in the control groups when available. The included studies had important limitations, namely the inability to blind interventions. Conclusions: Pulmonary rehabilitation in a primary health care setting benefits the quality of life and functional exercise capacity in COPD patients. Optimal treatment modality, frequency, and duration are yet to be defined and are perhaps reliant on individual patient attributes. Though unable to add to previous findings, we hope this review fosters interest in this potentially life-changing intervention in a primary healthcare context.

Abstract This study evaluated the influence of a fluoride-modified titanium surface on osseointegration in rats with induced diabetes. One hundred and eighty rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups with 60 animals each: Control group (C): Animals without diabetes; Diabetes Group (D): Animals with uncontrolled induced diabetes; Controlled Diabetes Group (CD): Animals with diabetes induced controlled by the insulin administration. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin injection. Each animal received 2 implants in the proximal tibial metaphysis, one with the machined surface (M) and the other one with a fluoride-modified titanium surface (F), after 4 weeks of induction of diabetes. The animals were submitted to euthanasia 2, 4, and 6 weeks after the implant placement (n = 20 animals/group). The osseointegration was evaluated by the implant removal torque test and the histometric analysis of the non-decalcified histological sections: 1) Contact bone/implant (%BIC); 2) Bone tissue area between implant threads (%BBT). Implants with F surface showed a higher removal torque than implants with surface M in all groups. There was no difference in %BIC between the groups regardless of the surface used. The F surface showed a tendency to present higher %BBT values for the 3 evaluation periods in the D group. The fluoride-modified implant surface has no impact on the %BIC and %BBT. However, the fluoride-modified implant surface increases the locking of the implants with the bone. The hyperglycemia was associated with lower removal torque values despite the surfaces of the implant used.

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a influência de uma superfície de titânio modificada com flúor na osseointegração em ratos com diabetes induzida. Cento e oitenta ratos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos com 60 animais cada: Grupo controle (C): Animais sem diabetes; Grupo Diabetes (D): Animais com diabetes induzida descompensada; Grupo Diabetes Controlado (CD): Animais com diabetes induzido controlado pela administração de insulina. O diabetes foi induzido por injeção de estreptozotocina. Cada animal recebeu 2 implantes na metáfise proximal da tíbia, um com superfície usinada (M) e outro com superfície de titânio modificado com flúor (F), após 4 semanas de indução do diabetes. Os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia 2, 4 e 6 semanas após a colocação do implante (n = 20 animais/grupo). A osseointegração foi avaliada pelo teste de torque de remoção do implante e pela análise histométrica dos cortes histológicos não descalcificados: 1) Contato osso-implante (%BIC); 2) Área de tecido ósseo entre as roscas do implante (%BBT). Os implantes com superfície F apresentaram maior torque de remoção do que os implantes com superfície M em todos os grupos. Não houve diferença no %BIC entre os grupos independente da superfície utilizada. A superfície F mostrou tendência a apresentar maiores valores de %BBT para os 3 períodos de avaliação no grupo D. As superfícies de implantes modificadas com flúor não influenciaram nos dados de %BIC e %BBT. Entretanto, essas superfícies aumentaram o travamento dos implantes no tecido ósseo. A hiperglicemia foi associada a menores torques de remoção dos implantes independentemente do tipo de superfície de implante utilizada.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the osseointegration of a hydrophilic surface (blasting + acid etching + immersion in isotonic solution) in comparison with that of a control surface (blasting + acid etching) using an experimental model of low-density bone. To perform the study, 24 rabbits were submitted to the installation of 4 implants in the iliac bone bilaterally: 2 implants with a control surface and 2 implants with a hydrophilic surface. The rabbits were euthanized at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after implant installation. After euthanasia, one implant from each surface was used to perform the removal torque analysis, and the other implant was used for the execution of non-decalcified histological sections and evaluation of the bone implant contact (% BIC) as well as the fraction of bone tissue area between the implant threads (% BBT). The implants with a hydrophilic surface presented higher %BIC (42.92 ± 2.85% vs. 29.49 ± 10.27%) and % BBT (34.32 ± 8.52% vs. 23.20 ± 6.75%) (p < 0.05) in the 2-week period. Furthermore, the hydrophilic surface presented higher removal torque in the 8-week period (76.13 ± 16.00 Ncm2 vs. 52.77 ± 13.49 Ncm2) (p<0.05). Implants with a hydrophilic surface exhibited acceleration in the process of osseointegration, culminating in greater secondary stability in low-density bone than in implants with a control surface.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a osseointegração de uma superfície hidrofílica (jateamento + ataque ácido + imersão em solução isotônica) em comparação com uma superfície controle (jateamento + ataque ácido) usando um modelo experimental de osso de baixa densidade. Para realizar o estudo, 24 coelhos foram submetidos a instalação de 4 implantes bilateralmente no osso ilíaco: 2 implantes com superfície controle e 2 implantes com superfície hidrofílica. Os coelhos foram eutanasiados com 2, 4 e 8 semanas após a instalação dos implantes. Após a eutanásia, um implante de cada superfície foi usado para avaliar o torque de remoção, e o outro implante foi utilizado para execução de cortes histológicos não descalcificados e avaliação de contato osso implante (% BIC) bem como a fração da área tecido ósseo entre as roscas do implante (% BBT). Os implantes com superfície hidrofílica apresentaram maior %BIC (42.92 ± 2.85% vs. 29.49 ± 10.27%) e % BBT (34.32 ± 8.52% vs. 23.20 ± 6.75%) (p < 0.05) no período de 2 semanas. Além disso, a superfície hidrofílica apresentou maior torque de remoção no período de 8 semana (76.13 ± 16.00 Ncm2 vs. 52.77 ± 13.49 Ncm2) (p<0.05). Implantes com a superfície hidrofílica apresentaram aceleração no processo de osseointregração, culminando em melhor estabilidade secundária no osso de baixa densidade em relação a implantes com superfície controle.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nicotine administration on the osseointegration of a superhydrophilic implants surface on rat tibiae. Thirty-two rats were used and divided into 2 groups according to the administration or not of nicotine: HH - Installation of implants with superhydrophilic surfaces in healthy animals; and HN - Installation of implants with superhydrophilic surfaces in animals subjected to nicotine administration. The animals were euthanized 15 and 45 days after implant placement (n = 8). Osseointegration was assessed by means of biomechanical analyses (removal torque), microcomputed tomography (volume of bone around the implants- %BV/TV), and histomorphometry (bone-implant contact -%BIC and the bone area between implant threads -%BBT). The animals subject to the nicotine administration presented lower removal torque than the control animals at the 45-day period (21.88 ± 2.80 Ncm vs. 17.88 ± 2.10 Ncm). The implants placed in the control rats presented higher %BIC (54.26 ± 6.59% vs. 39.25 ± 4.46%) and %BBT (50.57 ± 5.28% vs. 32.25 ± 5.24%) than the implants placed in nicotine animals at 15-day period. The nicotine administration reduces the osseointegration at 15 days, however, the superhydrophilic surface equalized the osseointegration in nicotine-exposed animals compared with healthy animals after 45 days of implant placement.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da administração de nicotina na osseointegração de implantes com superfície modificada por jateamento de oxidos e ataque ácido instalados em tíbia de ratos. Foram utilizados 32 ratos que foram divididos em 2 grupos de acordo com a administração ou não de nicotina: HH - Instalação de implantes com superfícies superhidrofílicas em animais sadios; e HN - Instalação de implantes com superfícies superhidrofílicas em animais submetidos à administração de nicotina. Os animais foram eutanasiados 15 e 45 dias após a colocação do implante (n = 8). A osseointegração foi avaliada por meio de análises biomecânicas (torque de remoção), microtomografia (volume de osso ao redor dos implantes - %BV/TV) e histomorfometrica (contato osso-implante -%BIC e área óssea entre roscas do implante -%BBT). Os animais submetidos à administração de nicotina apresentaram menor torque de remoção do que os animais controle no período de 45 dias (21,88 ± 2,80 Ncm vs. 17,88 ± 2,10 Ncm). Os implantes colocados nos ratos controle apresentaram maiores %BIC (54,26 ± 6,59% vs. 39,25 ± 4,46%) e %BBT (50,57 ± 5,28% vs. 32,25 ± 5,24%) do que os implantes colocados nos animais submetidos a administração de nicotina no período de 15 dias. A administração de nicotina prejudicou a osseointegração no período de 15 dias. Entretanto, a superfície superhidrofílica equalizou a osseointegração em animais expostos à nicotina em comparação com animais saudáveis após 45 dias da colocação do implante.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Health professionals attitudes and beliefs about musculoskeletal pain have a negative influence on patient beliefs and outcomes. However, there is no gold standard for assessing knowledge and attitudes toward pain among these professionals. Thus, the objective of the present study was to translate, adapt and validate the Knowledge and Attitudes of Pain (KNAP) questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese (KNAP-Br), apply the questionnaire and analyze the correlation of its results with the Neurophysiological Pain Questionnaire (NPQ). METHODS: After being translated, back-translated and adapted, the NKAP-Br was applied to 60 physical therapy and medicine students for validation. The correlation between the results obtained by multiplying the scores of the questions of the NKAP-Br instrument and the NPQ was evaluated. To assess reliability, another 200 students responded to the initial KNAP-Br (T1), performed the Pain Education Program (PEP) in one week and one week after T1, the participants received access to answer the KNAP-Br end (T2). RESULTS: Concurrent validity was assessed by the correlation between NPQ and the final KNAP-Br score. A significant correlation was found between the NPQ result (0.3 and p-value=0.0001) and the KNAP-Br score. Intragroups, 84% improved in the KNAP-Br score after studying PEP, 43.50% improved at or above the minimal detectable difference (MDD) and at or above the minimal important difference (MID). CONCLUSION: The questionnaire was translated and adapted respecting the Brazilian population cultural aspects and presented satisfactory reliability and construct validity, being considered valid for the assessment of knowledge and the interpretation of pain by health professionals.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As atitudes e as crenças dos profissionais de saúde sobre dor musculoesquelética têm influência negativa nas crenças e resultados dos pacientes. Entretanto, não existe um padrão ouro para avaliar o conhecimento e as atitudes relativas à dor entre esses profissionais. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi traduzir, adaptar e validar o questionário Knowledge and Attitudes of Pain (KNAP) para a língua portuguesa brasileira (KNAP-Br), aplicar o questionário e analisar a correlação dos seus resultados com o Questionário Neurofisiológico de Dor (QND). MÉTODOS: Após ser traduzido, retrotraduzido e adaptado, o KNAP-Br foi aplicado em 60 estudantes de fisioterapia ou medicina para validação. Foi avaliada a correlação entre os resultados obtidos pela multiplicação dos escores das questões dos instrumentos KNAP-Br e QND. Para avaliação da confiabilidade, outros 200 estudantes responderam o KNAP-Br inicial (T1), realizaram em uma semana o Programa de Educação em Dor (PED) e uma semana após T1 os participantes receberam acesso para responder o KNAP-Br final (T2). RESULTADOS: A validade concorrente foi avaliada pela correlação entre QND e o escore final do KNAP-Br. Foi encontrada uma correlação significativa entre o resultado do QND (0,3 e valor de p=0,0001) e o escore do KNAP-Br. Intragrupos, 84% melhoraram no escore do KNAP-Br após estudar PED, 43,50% melhoraram igual ou acima da menor diferença detectável (MDD) e igual ou acima da diferença mínima importante (DMI). CONCLUSÃO: O questionário foi traduzido e adaptado, respeitando os aspectos culturais da população brasileira, e apresentou satisfatória confiabilidade e validade de constructo, sendo considerado válido para avaliação do conhecimento e para a interpretação da dor por profissionais de saúde.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As atitudes e as crenças dos profissionais de saúde sobre dor musculoesquelética têm influência negativa nas crenças e resultados dos pacientes. Entretanto, não existe um padrão ouro para avaliar o conhecimento e as atitudes relativas à dor entre esses profissionais. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi traduzir, adaptar e validar o questionário Knowledge and Attitudes of Pain (KNAP) para a língua portuguesa brasileira (KNAP-Br), aplicar o questionário e analisar a correlação dos seus resultados com o Questionário Neurofisiológico de Dor (QND). MÉTODOS: Após ser traduzido, retrotraduzido e adaptado, o KNAP-Br foi aplicado em 60 estudantes de fisioterapia ou medicina para validação. Foi avaliada a correlação entre os resultados obtidos pela multiplicação dos escores das questões dos instrumentos KNAP-Br e QND. Para avaliação da confiabilidade, outros 200 estudantes responderam o KNAP-Br inicial (T1), realizaram em uma semana o Programa de Educação em Dor (PED) e uma semana após T1 os participantes receberam acesso para responder o KNAP-Br final (T2). RESULTADOS: A validade concorrente foi avaliada pela correlação entre QND e o escore final do KNAP-Br. Foi encontrada uma correlação significativa entre o resultado do QND (0,3 e valor de p=0,0001) e o escore do KNAP-Br. Intragrupos, 84% melhoraram no escore do KNAP-Br após estudar PED, 43,50% melhoraram igual ou acima da menor diferença detectável (MDD) e igual ou acima da diferença mínima importante (DMI). CONCLUSÃO: O questionário foi traduzido e adaptado, respeitando os aspectos culturais da população brasileira, e apresentou satisfatória confiabilidade e validade de constructo, sendo considerado válido para avaliação do conhecimento e para a interpretação da dor por profissionais de saúde.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Health professionals attitudes and beliefs about musculoskeletal pain have a negative influence on patient beliefs and outcomes. However, there is no gold standard for assessing knowledge and attitudes toward pain among these professionals. Thus, the objective of the present study was to translate, adapt and validate the Knowledge and Attitudes of Pain (KNAP) questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese (KNAP-Br), apply the questionnaire and analyze the correlation of its results with the Neurophysiological Pain Questionnaire (NPQ). METHODS: After being translated, back-translated and adapted, the NKAP-Br was applied to 60 physical therapy and medicine students for validation. The correlation between the results obtained by multiplying the scores of the questions of the NKAP-Br instrument and the NPQ was evaluated. To assess reliability, another 200 students responded to the initial KNAP-Br (T1), performed the Pain Education Program (PEP) in one week and one week after T1, the participants received access to answer the KNAP-Br end (T2). RESULTS: Concurrent validity was assessed by the correlation between NPQ and the final KNAP-Br score. A significant correlation was found between the NPQ result (0.3 and p-value=0.0001) and the KNAP-Br score. Intragroups, 84% improved in the KNAP-Br score after studying PEP, 43.50% improved at or above the minimal detectable difference (MDD) and at or above the minimal important difference (MID). CONCLUSION: The questionnaire was translated and adapted respecting the Brazilian population cultural aspects and presented satisfactory reliability and construct validity, being considered valid for the assessment of knowledge and the interpretation of pain by health professionals.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of information on gestational syphilis (GS) and congenital syphilis (CS) on the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN-Syphilis Brazil – Notifiable Diseases Information System) by compiling and validating completeness indicators between 2007 and 2018. METHODS Overall, care, and socioeconomic completeness scores were compiled based on selected variables, by using ad hoc weights assigned by experts. The completeness scores were analysed, considering the region and area of residence, the pregnant woman’s race/colour, and the year of case notification. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to validate the scores obtained by the weighted average method, compared with the values obtained by principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS Most selected variables presented a good or excellent degree of completeness for GS and CS, except for clinical classification, pregnant woman’s level of education, partner’s treatment, and child’s race/colour, which were classified as poor or very poor. The overall (89.93% versus 89.69%) and socioeconomic (88.71% versus 88.24%) completeness scores for GS and CS, respectively, were classified as regular, whereas the care score (GS-90.88%, and CS-90.72%) was good, despite improvements over time. Differences in the overall, care and socioeconomic completeness scores according to region, area of residence, and ethnic-racial groups were reported for syphilis notifications. The completeness scores estimated by the weighted average method and PCA showed a strong linear correlation (> 0.90). CONCLUSION The completeness of GS and CS notifications has been improving in recent years, highlighting the variables that form the care score, compared with the socioeconomic scores, despite differences between regions, area of residence, and ethnic-racial groups. The weighted average was a viable methodological alternative easily operationalised to estimate data completeness scores, allowing routine monitoring of the completeness of gestational and congenital syphilis records.

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with a red or infrared laser on the repair of post extraction sockets in rats administered alendronate (ALN). Forty male rats were randomly allocated into four groups: Control Group (CTR): subcutaneous administration of saline solution throughout the experimental period; Alendronate Group (ALN): subcutaneous administration of alendronate during the entire experimental period; Alendronate/Red Laser Group (ALN/RL): administration of ALN and irradiation with a GaAlAs laser (λ 660 nm); and Alendronate/Infrared Laser Group (ALN/IRL): administration of ALN and irradiation with a GaAlAs laser (λ 830 nm). The first lower molars were extracted 60 days after the beginning of the administration of the drugs. The PBMT was applied after tooth extraction (7 sessions with intervals of 48 hours between sessions). Thirty days after tooth extraction, the animals were euthanized. Micro-CT and histometric analysis were performed to assess the bone healing and soft tissue repair of the tooth socket. The ALN group presented with more bone than the CTR; however, most of this bone was necrotic. ALN does not affect the bone microarchitecture. On the other hand, PBMT with IRL enhances the bone density due to the increase in the number and reduction in the spacing of the trabeculae. The amount of vital bone and connective tissue matrix was higher in the ALN/RL and ALN/IRL groups than in the ALN and CTR groups. PBMT enhanced the healing of the post extraction sockets in rats subjected to ALN administration. Furthermore, IRL improved the new bone microarchitecture.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the quality of information on gestational syphilis (GS) and congenital syphilis (CS) on the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN-Syphilis Brazil – Notifiable Diseases Information System) by compiling and validating completeness indicators between 2007 and 2018. METHODS Overall, care, and socioeconomic completeness scores were compiled based on selected variables, by using ad hoc weights assigned by experts. The completeness scores were analysed, considering the region and area of residence, the pregnant woman’s race/colour, and the year of case notification. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to validate the scores obtained by the weighted average method, compared with the values obtained by principal component analysis (PCA). RESULTS Most selected variables presented a good or excellent degree of completeness for GS and CS, except for clinical classification, pregnant woman’s level of education, partner’s treatment, and child’s race/colour, which were classified as poor or very poor. The overall (89.93% versus 89.69%) and socioeconomic (88.71% versus 88.24%) completeness scores for GS and CS, respectively, were classified as regular, whereas the care score (GS-90.88%, and CS-90.72%) was good, despite improvements over time. Differences in the overall, care and socioeconomic completeness scores according to region, area of residence, and ethnic-racial groups were reported for syphilis notifications. The completeness scores estimated by the weighted average method and PCA showed a strong linear correlation (> 0.90). CONCLUSION The completeness of GS and CS notifications has been improving in recent years, highlighting the variables that form the care score, compared with the socioeconomic scores, despite differences between regions, area of residence, and ethnic-racial groups. The weighted average was a viable methodological alternative easily operationalised to estimate data completeness scores, allowing routine monitoring of the completeness of gestational and congenital syphilis records.

Abstract: This study aimed to compare the use of connective tissue grafts (CTG) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) associated with the tunnel technique (TT) for the treatment of multiple gingival recessions (GR). Fourteen patients with multiple bilateral GR [type 1 recession (RT 1)] in the maxillary incisors, canines, and/or premolars were included. The TT was performed on both sides (split-mouth model); CTG (36 GR) was used on one side, and on the other, PRF (36 GR) was used. Clinical parameters, including recession depth (RD), probing depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), and keratinized gingiva thickness/width (GT/KTW), were obtained at baseline and after 1, 3, 6, and 16 months. Lower RD (0.81 ± 0.68 vs. 1.23 ± 0.71 mm) and CAL (2.54 ± 0.63 vs. 2.73 ± 0.82 mm) were observed for CTG compared to PRF after 16 months. Higher GT was obtained for CTG compared to PRF after 3 (1.81 ± 0.56 vs 1.43 ± 0.47 mm) and 6 months (1.67 ± 0.61 vs. 1.38 ± 0.55 mm, p < 0.05). The recession coverage (RC) was higher for CTG (55.42% ± 37.14) in comparison to PRF (29.53% ± 34.08) after 16 months (p < 0.05). Similarly, CTG presented a more complete coverage of the recession (15; 41.66%) than PRF (9; 24.32%). There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of surgery time, postoperative pain, or healing patterns. Greater esthetic satisfaction was obtained with CTG. It was concluded that CTG combined with TT showed clinical and esthetic results superior to those of PRF in multiple GR treatments.

Abstract This study presents the first complete mitogenome of the Brazilian Atlantic bushmaster Lachesis with insights into snake evolution. The total length was 17,177 bp, consisting of 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs and a duplicate control region (CRs). Almost all genes were encoded by the heavy-strand, except for the ND6 gene and eight tRNAs (tRNA-Gln, Ala, Asn, Cys, Tyr, Ser[TGA anticodon], Glu, Pro). Only ATG, ATA, and ATC were starting codons for protein-coding sequences. Stop codons mainly were TAA, AGA, AGG, and TAG; whereas ND1, ND3, and CYTB terminated with incomplete stop codons. Phylogeny retrieved Lachesis within the Crotalinae as the sister group of Agkistrodon; and the Lachesis+Agkistrodon clade as the sister group of (Sistrurus+Crotalus)+Bothrops. The tree supports Crotalinae, Viperinae, and Azemiopinae in the Viperidae family, being sister taxa of Colubridae+(Elapidae+Psammophiidae). The mean genetic distance across 15 snake families and 57 nucleotide sequences was 0.37. The overall mean value of genetic distance across the Crotalinae was 0.23, with Lachesis muta exhibiting the shortest distance of 0.2 with Agkistrodon piscivorus, Protobothrops dabieshanensis and P. flavoviridis and the greatest 0.25 with Gloydius blomhoffii, Trimeresurus albolabris, S. miliarius, and Deinagkistrodon acutus. The complete Atlantic L. muta mitogenome presented herein is only the third annotated mitogenome from more than 430 described Brazilian snake species.

Abstract Introduction Third molar extraction surgery is a common dental procedure, often challenging with increased post-operative complications. The need for antibiotic prophylaxis in these cases remains debated. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the postoperative clinical course of third molar extraction surgeries. Material and method Sixty-three patients were randomly allocated into two groups after extraction of the four third molars. ATB group (N = 33) the patients received 1g of amoxicillin one hour before the surgical procedure, CTR group (N = 30) the patients did not receive antibiotic prophylaxis. Clinical analyses were performed at 3, 7, 14, and 30 days after the surgical procedure. These analyses consisted of assessing oedema, variation in mouth opening, and soft tissue healing. Furthermore, patient-centered analyses were also carried out through the application of the visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess pain, inflammation, bleeding, difficulty opening the mouth, and chewing. Result No influence of antibiotic prophylaxis was observed on the evolution of clinical parameters of healing, oedema, and mouth opening. Patients did not notice differences regarding their comfort during the postoperative period. Conclusion The incidence of complications observed in the present study was low and was not related to infectious processes. The use of prophylactic antibiotic therapy has no beneficial effects on the postoperative clinical course in third molar extraction.

Resumo Introdução Exodontia de terceiro molar é um procedimento odontológico comum, frequentemente desafiador, com complicações pós-operatórias aumentadas. A necessidade de profilaxia com antibióticos nesses casos ainda é motivo de debate. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da profilaxia com antibióticos no curso clínico pós-operatório das cirurgias de extração do terceiro molar. Material e método Sessenta e três pacientes foram randomicamente alocados em dois grupos posteriormente a cirurgia de exodontia dos quatro terceiros molares. Grupo ATB (N = 33) utilizou 1g de amoxicilina uma hora antes do procedimento cirúrgico e grupo CTR (N = 30) sem profilaxia antibiótica. Os dentes foram classificados de acordo com Pell & Gregory e Winter. Análises clínicas foram realizadas nos períodos de 3, 7, 14 e 30 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico. As análises consistiram na avaliação do edema, variação de abertura de boca e a cicatrização dos tecidos moles. Também foram executadas análises centradas nos pacientes por meio da aplicação da escala visual analógica (VAS) para avaliação de dor, inflamação, sangramento, dificuldade de abertura bucal e de mastigação. Resultado Não houve diferenças entre os grupos em relação ao posicionamento dos dentes. Não foi observada influência da profilaxia antibiótica nos parâmetros clínicos de cicatrização, edema e abertura de boca. Os pacientes não notaram diferenças em relação ao seu conforto no pós-operatório. Conclusão A incidência de complicações foi baixa e não foi relacionada a processos infecciosos. O uso de antibioticoterapia profilática não apresentou efeitos benéficos para o curso clínico pós-operatório em exodontia de terceiros molares.

Resumo O objetivo deste foi o de avaliar o efeito de uma superfície modificada por jateamento e ataque ácido e mantida em solução isotônica em comparação a uma superfície lisa sobre a osseointegração de implantes em animais hiperglicêmicos. No estudo foram utilizados 64 ratos, que foram divididos em 4 grupos com 16 animais em cada, e que foram avaliados em dois períodos experimentais (15 e 45 dias), com 8 animais em cada grupo. Os grupos foram divididos de acordo com o tipo de implante que foi instalado na tíbia dos animais e a condição sistêmica dos mesmos: Grupo CM - Implantes maquinados instalados em animais saudáveis; Grupo CH - Implantes maquinados instalados em animais com hiperglicemia; Grupo HM - Implantes hidrofílicos instalados em animais saudáveis, Grupo HH- Implantes hidrofílicos instalados em animais com hiperglicemia. Foram realizadas análises: biomecânicas (contra torque de remoção dos implantes), histométricas (avaliação do contato do osso com os implantes e da área de formação óssea entre as roscas) e microtomográfica (avaliação da área óssea ao redor dos implantes). Foi verificado que os implantes com superfície hidrofílica apresentaram maiores torques de remoção, quantidade de osso ao redor dos implantes e maiores valores de %BIC e %BBT em animais normo e hiperglicêmicos. Conclui-se que a superfície hidrofílica acelera o processo de osseointegração (~15% de %BIC/%BBT aos 15 dias), especialmente em animais com hiperglicêmicos. A superfície hidrofílica igualou a osseointegração entre animais normo- e hiperglicêmicos, revertendo o potencial negativo da hiperglicemia no processo de osseointegração.

Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a surface modified by blasting and acid attack and maintained in an isotonic solution compared to a machined surface on osseointegration in normo- and hyperglycaemic animals. Sixty-four animals were allocated into 4 groups with 16 animals each, and they were subdivided into two experimental periods (15 and 45 days), with 8 animals in each group. The groups were divided according to the type of implant that was installed in the animals' tibia and the animals’ systemic condition: CM - Machined implants placed in Healthy animals; CH - Hydrophilic implants placed in Healthy animals, HM - Machined implants placed in animals with hyperglycaemia; HH- Hydrophilic implants installed in animals with hyperglycaemia. The following analyses were performed: biomechanical (removal torque), microtomographic (evaluation of the bone volume around the implants- BV/TV), and histomorphometric (evaluation of bone-implant contact BIC% and of the bone formation area between the threads BBT%). It was found that the implants with hydrophilic surfaces presented higher removal torques and quantities of BV/TV% and higher BIC% and BBT% values in normo- and hyperglycaemic animals. The results of this study indicated that the hydrophilic surface accelerates the osseointegration process (~ 15% BIC/BBT at 15-day period), especially in animals with hyperglycaemia. The hydrophilic surface equaled the osseointegration between normo- and hyperglycaemic animals, reversing the negative potential of hyperglycaemia on the osseointegration process.

RESUMO Selecionar novos genótipos de batata-doce, que sejam adaptados às condições edafoclimáticas e de cultivo das regiões produtoras, se faz necessário. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho agronômico de genótipos experimentais de batata-doce de polpa branca em lavouras comerciais, buscando obter indicação do seu mérito como cultivares comerciais. Os experimentos foram conduzidos nos munícipios de Presidente Prudente-SP, Emilianópolis-SP, Tarabai-SP e Álvares Machado-SP. Foi adotado o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições, avaliando-se os genótipos UZBD-L1-04 e UZBD-L5-29, e utilizando as testemunhas Ligeirinha Paulista, Canadense e INIA Arapey. Foram avaliados a produtividade total de raízes tuberosas, número de raízes tuberosas comerciais, produção de raízes tuberosas comerciais, massa média de raízes tuberosas comerciais, porcentagem de massa seca de raízes tuberosas comerciais, sólidos solúveis, resistência a danos causados por pragas, comprimento, diâmetro e aparência das raízes. Concluiu-se que o genótipo UZBD-L1-04 obteve desempenho superior aos demais (média dos ambientes para produtividade total de raízes tuberosas de 31,76 t/ha), e possuindo potencial como cultivar para a região.

ABSTRACT Selecting new sweet potato genotypes that are adapted to the soil, climate, and cultivation conditions of the producing regions is necessary. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of experimental genotypes of white-fleshed sweet potato in commercial fields, seeking to evaluate their potential as commercial cultivars. The experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Presidente Prudente, Emilianópolis, Tarabai, and Álvares Machado in São Paulo state. The randomized complete block design with five repetitions was used in the experiments, where the genotypes UZBD-L1-04 and UZBD-L5-29 were evaluated along with the controls Ligeirinha Paulista, Canadense, and INIA Arapey. The assessed traits were tuberous root total yield, number of commercial tuberous roots, commercial tuberous root yield, average mass of commercial tuberous roots, percentage of commercial tuberous root dry mass, soluble solids, resistance to pest-caused damage, root length, diameter, and appearance. UZBD-L1-04 performed better than the other genotypes (the average of environments for tuberous root total yield was 31.76 t/ha), showing great potential as a commercial cultivar for the studied region.

RESUMO O objetivo foi avaliar a divergência genética entre acessos de espécies silvestres e híbridos interespecíficos F1 de tomateiro. Caracterizou-se seis acessos silvestres (Solanum pimpinellifolium ‘AF 26970’, S. galapagense ‘LA-1401’, S. peruvianum ‘AF 19684’, S. habrochaites var. hirsutum ‘PI-127826’, S. habrochaites var. glabratum ‘PI-134417’ e S. pennellii ‘LA-716’), a cultivar comercial Redenção e os respectivos híbridos interespecíficos F1: ‘Redenção’ x ‘AF 26970’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘LA-1401’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘AF 19684’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘PI-127826’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘PI-134417’ e ‘Redenção’ x ‘LA-716’. Foram avaliados 35 caracteres quantitativos, sendo 29 morfoagronômicos e seis fisiológicos. Realizou-se análises de componentes principais (ACP). Utilizou-se os métodos de otimização de Tocher, baseado na distância de Mahalanobis e a dispersão gráfica das variáveis canônicas, que seguiram a mesma tendência de agrupamento dos genótipos, formando três grupos distintos. As ACP permitiram observar algumas divergências genéticas não observadas pelos demais métodos. Ocorreu alta divergência entre os acessos das espécies e híbridos interespecíficos. A cultivar Redenção teve a maior dissimilaridade genética e os híbridos interespecíficos de S. lycopersicum com acessos silvestres, apresentaram maior similaridade morfoagronômica e fisiológica com os genitores silvestres.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic divergence among accessions of wild tomato species and interspecific F1 hybrids. Six wild accessions were characterized (Solanum pimpinellifolium ‘AF 26970’, S. galapagense ‘LA-1401’, S. peruvianum ‘AF 19684’, S. habrochaites var. hirsutum ‘PI-127826’, S. habrochaites var. glabratum ‘PI-134417’, and S. pennellii ‘LA-716’), the commercial cultivar Redenção, and the respective interspecific F1 hybrids: ‘Redenção’ x ‘AF 26970’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘LA-1401’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘AF 19684’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘PI-127826’, ‘Redenção’ x ‘PI-134417’, and ‘Redenção’ x ‘LA-716’. Thirty-five quantitative traits were evaluated, encompassing 29 morphoagronomic and six physiological characteristics. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed. Tocher’s optimization method was used based on the Mahalanobis distance and the graphic dispersion of canonical variables, which followed the same trend of genotype clustering, forming three distinct groups. The PCA indicated some genetic divergences not shown by the other methods. A high divergence was observed among the species accessions and interspecific hybrids. The cultivar Redenção had the greatest genetic dissimilarity, and the interspecific hybrids of S. lycopersicum with wild accessions showed the greatest morphoagronomic and physiological similarity with the wild parents.